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The South Brooklyn Railway is a railroad in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is owned by the City of New York and is operated by the New York City Transit Authority. Its original main line ran parallel to 38th Street from the Upper New York Bay to McDonald Avenue, and south on McDonald Avenue to the Coney Island Yards, mostly underneath the ex-Culver Shuttle and IND Culver Line of the New York City Subway. The line still exists in parts. The section between the BMT West End Line's Ninth Avenue station and its interchange yard at Second Avenue and 39th Street is still open. The section under the Culver El has been paved over. Today, it runs only from the 36th–38th Street Yard in the east to the South Brooklyn Marine Terminal in the west. == Private operation == The South Brooklyn Railroad and Terminal Company was incorporated September 30, 1887 to build from the end of the Brooklyn, Bath and West End Railroad (West End Line) at 38th Street and 9th Avenue northwest to the foot of 38th Street, and was leased to the BB&WE, allowing BB&WE trains to run to the 39th Street Ferry.〔 〕 The company was not a true "railroad", as it did not own any rail vehicles, but owned a few city blocks that it wanted to lease to another operating railroad that wished to connect to the Ferry Terminal at 39th Street.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=South Brooklyn Railway )〕 The Prospect Park and South Brooklyn Railroad connected the Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad (Culver Line) to the South Brooklyn Railroad in 1890. The Prospect Park and Coney Island Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad was bought by the Long Island Railroad (LIRR) in 1893.〔 In 1892, the South Brooklyn Railway & Terminal Company purchased the land and extend the route to the new Ferry Terminal, and a terminal station and freighthouse was built at Third Avenue.〔 In 1897, the LIRR leased the South Brooklyn Railway & Terminal Company using steam powered locomotives. As these locomotives could not be used for freight operations, the line was electrified in 1899; however, the LIRR occasionally ran steam-powered special trains to the Brooklyn Jockey Club Racetrack at Kings Highway and Ocean Parkway.〔 When the South Brooklyn Railroad & Terminal Company was foreclosed upon in December 1899, the company was reorganized as the South Brooklyn Railway on January 13, 1900.〔 The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) took over ownership, but the LIRR still ran the trains until 1903 or 1905.〔 After the cessation of LIRR operations, the BRT started passenger service and transferred freight service to a subsidiary, Brooklyn Heights Railroad, which provided freight service with three locomotives, with a fourth to be delivered in 1907. It carried mail for the United States Postal Service, as well as lumber, cement, sand, stone, ashes, pipe, marble for headstones, and granite for curbstones.〔 At its greatest extent, the line ran along Second Avenue, then merged with the BMT West End Line from Fourth Avenue to the Ninth Avenue station. Then, it ran at street level under the BMT Culver Line to the Coney Island Yard, where the BMT Culver Line split and the South Brooklyn Railway continued down McDonald Avenue to Avenue X.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=I COVER THE WATERFRONT. Brooklyn’s waterfront railroads )〕 On February 28, 1907, the South Brooklyn Railway and the Brooklyn Heights Railroad were split from each other, but both were still owned by the BRT. The South Brooklyn Railway would be separate subsidiary company that carried both passengers and freight, to avoid the BRT from being operated under Interstate Commerce Commission regulations. The Brooklyn Heights Railroad leased the Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad, which included the Prospect Park and South Brooklyn Railroad, giving it a line to Coney Island.〔 In 1909, the South Brooklyn Railway was granted a request to the Public Services Commission to discontinue the use of the Third Avenue freight yard and station, on the Prospect Park and Coney Island Railroad's property. The freight house in use, which was leased from the LIRR, was deteriorating, and the South Brooklyn Railway did not want to build a new freight house on LIRR land, instead preferring to build a replacement on the property of the New York and Sea Beach Railroad, using Sea Beach trackage to access the new terminal. The South Brooklyn Railway also bought another locomotive.〔 In 1913, all of the BRT's lines were reorganized, and all ownership of freight operations was transferred to the South Brooklyn Railway.〔 The location of the South Brooklyn Railway helped in the construction of new BRT subway and elevated lines in Brooklyn, as materials could be brought in using the South Brooklyn Railway. A temporary connection at 38th Street and Fourth Avenue allowed South Brooklyn Railway equipment to enter the BMT Fourth Avenue Line construction site.〔 In June 1922, the South Brooklyn Railway bought much of the LIRR-owned Prospect Park & Coney Island Railroad. By 1923, the Prospect Park & Coney Island Railroad and the New York & Coney Island Railroad were both merged into the South Brooklyn Railway. The BRT filed bankruptcy that year and was reorganized into the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT), which still operated the South Brooklyn Railway.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South Brooklyn Railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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